Police in London have arrested two people who called for "intifada" during a pro-Palestinian protest, which followed a decision by authorities to toughen enforcement of hate speech laws after a deadly attack on a Hanukkah celebration in Australia.
The arrests on Wednesday came hours after police in London and Manchester, England, announced a crackdown on protesters using slogans such as "globalise the intifada".
The Arabic word intifada is generally translated as "uprising".
While pro-Palestinian demonstrators say the slogan describes the worldwide protests against the war in Gaza, Jewish leaders say it inflames tensions and encourages attacks on Jews, including the attack that killed 15 people on Sunday at Bondi Beach in Sydney.
London Metropolitan Police Commissioner Mark Rowley and Greater Manchester Police Chief Constable Stephen Watson said they decided to take a tougher stance after Bondi Beach and an October 2 attack on a Manchester synagogue that left two people dead.
"We know communities are concerned about placards and chants such as 'globalise the intifada', and those using it at future protest or in a targeted way should expect the Met and GMP to take action," they said in a joint statement.
"Violent acts have taken place, the context has changed - words have meaning and consequence."
In the hours before Wednesday night's demonstration in support of Palestine Action, a pro-Palestinian group that was banned as a terrorist organisation earlier in 2025, London police warned protesters to be aware of the earlier announcement.
Two protesters were arrested for "racially aggravated public order offences" after they shouted slogans calling for intifada during the protest outside the Ministry of Justice on Wednesday night, the Metropolitan Police Service said on social media.
A third person was arrested for trying to interfere with the initial arrests.
The term "intifada" is used to describe two major Palestinian uprisings against Israeli policy in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, the first beginning in 1987 and the second beginning in 2000.
During the recent conflict in Gaza, the slogan "globalise the intifada" has been widely used by pro-Palestinian protesters around the world.
The debate over such language comes after anti-Semitic hate crime and online abuse soared in Britain following the Hamas-led attack on Israel on October 7, 2023, and the Israeli military campaign in Gaza that followed.
About 1200 people were killed and 251 taken hostage during the initial attack on Israel.
More than 70,660 Palestinians have been killed during the ensuing Israeli campaign in Gaza, according to the territory's health ministry.